Lags allow you to model delays between tasks, and the elapsed time lag, in particular, enables you to describe such things as cure time delays. The standard Finish-to-Start relationship is the most common relationship type and Microsoft Project provides an icon button to insert this relationship. Insertion of the other types of relationships may require invoking the Predecessor tab in the split screen view. Of course, another approach is to create a Finish-to-Start relationship and then edit it by doubling clicking on the Gantt chart relationship arrow, which brings up the Task Dependency dialog.
So there is more than one way to insert a relationship in Microsoft Project. With practice you will find the quickest and most convenient way to create relationships for you and hope that this article will assist you in doing this. Finish-to-Start FS : This is the most common type of relationship where one task cannot start until another associated task has finished. A mechanical example is a pipe insulation task cannot start until the pipe installation inspection task is complete. Start-to-Start SS : This is a relationship where one task cannot start until another task has begun.
An example is that remove damaged piping task cannot proceed until the safety plan is commenced. Finish-to-Finish FF : In this relationship one task cannot finish until another related task has finished. A possible example from the research industry is that documentation cannot complete until experimental testing described by that documentation has finished. Start-to-Finish SF : In this not so common relationship one task cannot finish until another task has begun.
An example is the run generator task cannot cease until the power is activated. Lags and Leads Lags and leads also have a significant impact on the length of the schedule. Figure 9 Again, your tasks with the Finish-to-Start relationship will be as shown in Figure Figure 11 The result is in Figure Figure 13 Click OK, and your elapsed time lag will be as displayed in Figure Figure 14 Assigning a Finish-to-Finish Relationship Now we are going to assign two tasks a Finish-to-Start relationship, and edit it to make the relationship Finish-to-Finish.
Figure 15 Next double click on the Gantt chart relationship arrow connecting the two tasks, and the Task Dependency dialog shall appear, Figure Figure 18 So the Insulate Piping task may commence after the completion of the Test Piping System at Pressure task and completes shortly after the completion of the Strike Forms task.
Round Out the Schedule Complete the schedule by assigning a Finish-to-Start relationship between the remaining tasks, Figure If two activities are connected through a start-to-start dependency, this means that the predecessor activity must have started before the successor activity can start. This logical relationship requires that a predecessor activity must have started before the successor activity can be finished. In practice, this type of dependency does not occur very often which is also acknowledged by the PMBOK.
This example of PDM modeling refers to a fictional software development project. However, you can replace the IT-related aspects with activities from other areas such as construction, research and development, strategy development and implementation, etc.
As for many project management techniques, PDM as a method can be applied to almost any kind of project. The first 4 activities and durations in this example are consistent with the example presented in our article on leads and lags , so you can compare the results and differences between both techniques. The project involves designing, developing, implementing, testing and deploying an IT solution. For the sake of conciseness, we will only sequence the following design and development activities for 2 modules:.
This is illustrated in the following table. Note that the dependencies in this table deviate from those in the example in the leads and lags article for illustration purposes. To build the precedence diagramming method PDM the preliminary step in planning is to work on the Work Breakdown Structure. The entire project becomes more comfortable when you break down the tasks to perform the activities. Knowing the capacities that it is fundamental to finish the assignment on time, you likewise need to know in what order the project should be completed.
To do this, we need to create a precedence diagram. Below mentioned are a few steps that articulate creating a precedence diagram:. As a project manager , ensure that your emphasis is on project sequence. As you put effort into the activities, you may come across additional tasks that have to finish, and henceforth you can incorporate the equivalent in the precedence diagram and to the work breakdown structure.
The significant output in the sequence activities process is the network diagram. Amidst the sequence activities process, the activities that are explained in the defined activities process are sequenced as specific activities that rely upon another. While the network diagram shows the project activities and presents the interrelationships of activities, the precedence diagramming method PDM is the most widely recognized strategy to draw network diagrams.
So it is normal for certain affiliates and dependencies between the activities in the precedence diagramming method. With the precedence diagramming method, four types of relationships are there in the activities to complete the network diagram of a project. They are:. A visual representation technique prepares the project schedule network diagrams, here is a precedence diagramming method example that analyzes the basics and will help you understand the whole process.
Durations are the numbers above the boxes. Activity B is a predecessor activity that logically comes before a dependent activity F in this network system.
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